你所需要的,不仅仅是一个好用的代理。
4.range
py2.7:立即生成数字
range(1,11) # 生成 1,23,,4,56.10
py3:不会立即生成,只有循环迭代,才一个个生成;
for i in range(1,11):
print(i)
for j in range(1,11,2):
print(j)
for k in range(10,0,-1):
print(k)
例子
# li = ['eric','alex','tony']
# for i in range(0,len(li)):
# ele = li[i]
# print(ele)
li = ['eric','alex','tony']for i in li:
print(i)
# for i in range(0,len(li)):
# print(i+1,li[i])
输出
eric
alex
tony
功能:额外生成一列有序的数字
例子
li = ['eric','alex','tony']for i,ele in enumerate(li,1):
print(i,ele)
#1 eric#2 alex#3 tony
li = ['eric','alex','tony']for i,ele in enumerate(li,1):
print(i,ele)
v = input('请输入商品序号:')
v = int(v)
item = li[v-1]print(item)
#1 eric#2 alex#3 tony#请输入商品序号:1#eric
不可被修改类型,儿子不可被修改,孙子可以
user_tuple = ('hex','eric','seven','hex')
功能:获取个数
user_tuple = ('hex','eric','seven','hex')
v = user_tuple.count('hex')
print(v)
#2
功能:获取值得第一个索引位置
user_tuple = ('hex','eric','seven','hex')
v = user_tuple.index('hex')
print(v)
#0
例子
li = ('hx',)
print(li)
user_tuple = ('alex','eric','seven',['1','2','3'],'a4')
# user_tuple[0] = 123 执行错误
# user_tuple[3] = [11,22,33] 执行错误
user_tuple[3][1] = '0'
print(user_tuple)
可变类型
v = { 'name': 'al','password': '123123'}
功能:清空
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
dic.clear()print(dic)
功能:浅拷贝
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
v = dic.copy()
print(v)
功能:根据key获取指定value,不存在不报错
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
v = dic.get('k1111',1111)print(v)
功能:删除并获取对应的value值
# dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
# v = dic.pop('k1')
# print(dic)
# print(v)
输出:
{'k2': 'v2'}
v1
功能:随机删除键值对,并获取到删除的键值
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
v = dic.popitem()print(dic)print(v)
输出:
{'k1': 'v1'}
('k2', 'v2')
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
k,v = dic.popitem() # ('k2', 'v2')print(dic)print(k,v)
输出:
{'k2': 'v2'}
k1 v1
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
v = dic.popitem() # ('k2', 'v2')print(dic)print(v[0],v[1])
输出:
{'k1': 'v1'}
k2 v2
功能:增加,如果不存在即删除
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
dic.setdefault('k3','v3')print(dic)
dic.setdefault('k1','1111111')print(dic)
输出:
{'k2': 'v2', 'k1': 'v1', 'k3': 'v3'}
{'k2': 'v2', 'k1': 'v1', 'k3': 'v3'}
功能:批量增加或修改
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
dic.update({'k3':'v3','k1':'v24'})
print(dic)
输出:
{'k1': 'v24', 'k2': 'v2', 'k3': 'v3'}
功能:从序列键和值设置为value来创建一个新的字典。
例子:
dic = dict.fromkeys(['k1','k2','k3'],123)
dic['k1'] = 'asdfjasldkf'print(dic)
输出:
{'k2': 123, 'k1': 'asdfjasldkf', 'k3': 123}
集合,不可重复列表,可变类型。
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony'}print(type(s1))print(s1)
输出:
<class 'set'>
{'alex', 'eric', 'tony'}
功能:输出s1中存在,s2中不存在的值
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
v = s1.difference(s2)
print(v)
输出:
{'ii'}
功能:s1中存在,s2中不存在,然后对s1清空,然后在重新赋值
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
s1.difference_update(s2)
print(s1)
输出:
{'ii'}
功能:s1中存在,s2中不存在的值及s2中存在,s1中不存在的值
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
v = s1.symmetric_difference(s2)
print(v)
{'ii', 'hexin'}
功能:交集
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
v = s1.intersection(s2)
print(v)
输出:
{'eric', 'alex', 'tony'}
功能:并集
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
v = s1.union(s2)
print(v)
输出:
{'alex', 'hexin', 'eric', 'ii', 'tony'}
功能:移除
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','ii'}
s2 = {"alex",'eric','tony','hexin'}
s1.discard('alex')
print(s1)
输出:
{'eric', 'tony', 'ii'}
功能:添加
s1 = {"alex",'eric','tony','李泉','李泉11'}
s1.update({'alex','123123','fff'})
print(s1)
输出:
{'fff', '李泉', '123123', 'tony', 'alex', 'eric', '李泉11'}
a = True
b = Flase
数字转换只有0是Flase,字符串只有""为Flase
v = bool(12)
print(v)